The history of Piqua can be traced back to the earliest Paleo-Indian bands that hunted the mastodon and the giant bison in the Upper Miami Valley. Other groups followed, developing civilizations such as the Adena, Hopewell and Fort Ancient cultures that built stone and earthwork monuments, burials and villages. These prehistoric peoples were followed by two dominant Native American Tribes, the Miami and Shawnee. While little remains of these two groups, they did provide the area with their names. From the Miami or Twightee ("cry of the crane") came the name for the Great Miami River. The creation myth of the Piqua Clan of the Shawnee resulted in the naming of Piqua meaning "man who arose from the ashes". |

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